Cannibalism Among Dinosaurs :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

Cannibalism Among Dinosaurs Typically, when an individual browses through miscellaneous newspapers or watches the evening news they are roughly likely to see or hear some new and groundbreaking news concerning a scientific breakthrough. As I was looking through various scientific journals I came across an article that caught my eye for numerous reasons, but one in particular. The heading of the article read, Cannibal dinosaurs bring outed by tooth marks. These prehistoric creatures that digest been viewed by the public for centuries as being wild and ferocious beasts, are presently being seen more then just that. Recent evidence originating in Madagascar is leading researches in the direction that dinosaurs consumption of food did not strictly adhere to the food chain but instead fed amongst their own kind. This late discovery has left scientists with m any(prenominal) questions to be answered. The discovery is quite important because any research up until now has failed to uncover any evidence that would reveal that dinosaurs fed among their own kind. Ray Rogers whom has been leading the ten-year excavation states in the article that there are at least 14 current day animals that tranquilize practice cannibalism such as lions, komodo dr agons, crocodiles, hyenas, black bears and grasshopper mice, but in contrast, any evidence of cannibalism among dinosaurs is sparse. This article was also particularly interesting to me because this is a juvenile find and there is little to no literature published concerning the idea that dinosaurs may have been cannibals. This is a new fossil find in which makes any and all research being administered equally as important. The time period of these fossils date back nearly 65 to 75 million years ago to the late Cretaceous period when dinosaurs neared the end of their existence on earth. The fossils that have been discovered that tend to persuade researchers to believe dinosau rs were cannibals have been located in nor-west Madagascars bone beds. Rogers states, Fossilized soil samples from the same region are red and oxidized, hinting that the area was arid, with food in short supply. The animals may have travelled to the river to find sustenance and died there.

Postmodernism in Heaneys Poems Bogland and Tollund Man Essay -- Seamu

Abstract This research takes a postmodern approach to Seamus Heaneys two poems Bogland and The Tollund Man. The evidences in the research bring illuminations to the of import issues of postmodern concept. Heaneys poetry was studied in myth, politics and revolutionary movement in the area of Irish classical poetry. Recently, his poems are considered as postmodern. To answer that how some(prenominal) his poems are traditional, modern or postmodern is the aim of this project.Key Words postmodernism, myth, imagery, technique, poetry, deadly, violence, corpse, bog, imagination, freedom.Introduction This research is a case study including discussions and analysis of two poems by Seamus Heaney, one of the postmodern poets. The poems, which are going to be analyzed, are Bogland and The Tollund Man. In Heaneys poetry we can see a connection between the mythical and the logical, the early(prenominal) and the present, to describe his thoughts and emotions, concerning the Irish troubles and human experiences. Heaney represent his feelings toward these problems by using imagery and structural techniques that are present in his poems . Chapter one of this study is a writings review of the ideology of postmodernism with emphasis on postmodernism and poetry. It also includes the meaning of postmodernism, different views and criticism on Heaneys poetry and his ideas about the principles of imagism. Chapter two analyzes the poem Bogland and reveals some points in describing the poem such as its national sides and two key images in the poem and explains how the poet has achieved and used them in his poems. It also discusses about Heaneys essay on a poem called The Bog People by P.V Globe. Chapter three is... ...From Internet http//athena.louisville.edu/cscart01/pomopoetry.htmlFrom Internet http//www.colorado.edu/English/ENGL2012Klages/pomo.htmlNotes 1 Dr. Mary Klages, Associate Professor, English Department, University of Colorado, Bo ulder http//www.colorado.edu/English/ENGL2012Klages/pomo.html 2 Dr. Christopher Carter Professors at University of Louisville, Postmodern Poetries March 1999. 3 Seamus Heaney, essay on The Bog People by P. V Globe, 1969 4 From a study guide on internet http//www.universalteacher.org.uk/poetry/heaney.htm

Oprah Winfrey Essays -- essays research papers

The Oprah Winfrey Show. Her rise is kn experience to not only all all over the United States, but also known to all around the world. Today she is known as the Americas nigh famous and powerful woman. Every woman in America envies her great fortune and her intelligence. But Oprah insists that she is not special or gifted. She had overcome many hurdles and reached to the top of Americas national T.V host. What makes her so popular and most loved entertainer in the United States? Oprah Winfrey, a chatter show host, actress, producer and philanthropist, and business woman is the chairwoman of HARPO entertainment in pelf. She joins the elite company of Lucille roll and Mary Pickford, as the only woman in T.V and film to own their own production studios. Through HARPO productions, she produces and hosts Americas number one popular show, The Oprah Winfrey show. (Oprah Winfrey talk show bio 1997 p.1) Today many woman in America envies her life her popularity, intelligence and her gre at fortunes. Though her success was gained from her hard work and education. She did not hurt any special background to be a most loved woman in America. She has overcame number of obstacles that most people have encountered in their own lives. She had to deal with poverty, sexual abuse, racism as a child, and her lifelong battle with weight. Oprah Gail Winfrey was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi on January 29, 1954. As a child, she moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, hence moved back to Nashville. She has lived through poverty, repeated sexual abuse, and a sentence to a juvenile delinquent home. (Hyde 1997 p.57) Oprah was crowned Miss. Black Tennessee at age 19. In 1973. She left Tennessee State University and became a newscaster for WTVF in Nashville. Three years later, Oprah became a news anchor in Baltimore at an ABC station but afterwards 9 months, she was pulled off the air because of an emotional ad-lib delivery. She eventually ended up in Chicago hosting a morning show called A M Chicago. In less than a year, the show became number one and was expanded to one hour and re-named The Oprah Winfrey Show. (http//pilot.msu.edu/user/bresnah2/oprahbio.htm 1997 p.1) From there, she has been an actress in the Color Purple, The women of Breuster orient and There are no children here.(Oprah Winfrey)Today, The Oprah Winfrey Show is the highest rated talk show in T.V history, and ... ...not, though many women are hoping her to remain in the show and dowry her power and intelligence with them. Oprahs effect on T.V is so great that since she started to appear on the show, many similar talk shows increased dramatically. And most of these talk show hosts are very popular just resembling Oprah. Though I believe no one among them can influence American women just like Oprah did. REFERENCES1. Benezra, K. (1997). Products pitch talk hosts. Media week, pp. 6.2. Dickerson, D (1997). A womanss woman. U.S News & World Report. pp.10. 3. Hyde, W.S (1991). Television and Radio Ann ouncing. BostonHoughton Mifflin Company. 4. Schlosser, J (1997). Oprah watch. Broadcasting & Cable. pp. 10.5. Stanley, T.L (1997). What theyve got. Media week. pp. 34-35.6. http//pilot.msu.edu/user/bresnah2/oprabio.htm. (1997). Oprah Winfrey. pp1.7. http//www.datalist.idsite.com/oprah-table.html. (1997). Oprah Winfrey. pp1.8. http//www.tvtalkshows.com/oprah/bio/. (1997). Oprah Winfrey Talk Show Bio. pp1-2.

The Radical Changes Resulting from the American Revolution Essay

All of us alive today go through grown up learning approximately the American Revolution. Although it contains the develop revolution in its name, there are umpteen who dont consider the American Revolution a real revolution. After considering the definition of a revolution a radical change of an entire system, usually by war, resulting in a change of the substance of life of the mass affect and the American society before and after the American Revolution, it is obvious that those who dont consider the American Revolution a revolution are mistaken. Among the many aspects of colonial society affected by the American Revolution, those most greatly affected by the revolution were the attitude towards slavery, the role of women, and the role of trade. The Civil War, as healthful as events associated with it, being a large part of our history, is taught to all children in America at an early age. Growing up, we are taught the evils of slavery and how slaves were handle poorl y. The evils about which weve been taught were actually occurring prior to the American Revolution. Over the course of the revolution, the attitude toward and treatment of slaves changed. Before the American Revolution, many people, though not all, thought of slaves as infrahuman or as animals. Even among those who gave the slaves the good treatment they deserved, there was hushed a feeling that the whites were better than the slaves. How many black people did could have been seen vivification in their nice house with a few white slaves? None that sight was non-existent. The few black people who were free had little money. Had they been wealthy, there was still no way they ever would have found a white person who would have been their slave. Nor would that have been allowed. ... ...heir own laws about trade (once the penning was written). The colonies, not Britain, could decide who they traded with and what taxes they charged they had complete control over the system of trade. The term revolution requires a radical change of an entire system that changes peoples lives. Slavery, the attitudes toward women, and the trade system were only a few parts of the entire system that changed during the American Revolution. Not to mention the change in politics from a Monarchy to a Democracy Peoples lives have been different ever since the American Revolution. Had the colonists never broken away from Britain, we wouldnt be study American history. Rather, wed be studying British history. The large step of breaking away from England has radically changed the way the colonists lived and has had a huge influence on the way we live today. The Radical Changes Resulting from the American Revolution EssayAll of us alive today have grown up learning about the American Revolution. Although it contains the word revolution in its name, there are many who dont consider the American Revolution a real revolution. After considering the definition of a revolution a radical change of an entire system, usually by war, resulting in a change of the way of life of the people involved and the American society before and after the American Revolution, it is obvious that those who dont consider the American Revolution a revolution are mistaken. Among the many aspects of colonial society affected by the American Revolution, those most greatly affected by the revolution were the attitude towards slavery, the role of women, and the role of trade. The Civil War, as well as events associated with it, being a large part of our history, is taught to all children in America at an early age. Growing up, we are taught the evils of slavery and how slaves were treated poorly. The evils about which weve been taught were actually occurring prior to the American Revolution. Over the course of the revolution, the attitude toward and treatment of slaves changed. Before the American Revolution, many people, though not all, thought of slaves as subhuman or as animals. Even among those who gave the slaves the good treatment they deserved, there was still a feeling that the whites were better than the slaves. How many black people did could have been seen living in their nice house with a few white slaves? None that sight was non-existent. The few black people who were free had little money. Had they been wealthy, there was still no way they ever would have found a white person who would have been their slave. Nor would that have been allowed. ... ...heir own laws about trade (once the Constitution was written). The colonies, not Britain, could decide who they traded with and what taxes they charged they had complete control over the system of trade. The term revolution requires a radical change of an entire system that changes peoples lives. Slavery, the attitudes toward women, and the trade system were only a few parts of the entire system that changed during the American Revolution. Not to mention the change in government from a Monarchy to a D emocracy Peoples lives have been different ever since the American Revolution. Had the colonists never broken away from Britain, we wouldnt be studying American history. Rather, wed be studying British history. The large step of breaking away from England has radically changed the way the colonists lived and has had a huge influence on the way we live today.

Rabies: Closer Than You Think :: science

Rabies Closer Than You ThinkRabies, a virus of the nervous system and salivary glands is a fast moving killer its not something to mess around with. Rabies comes from the Latin word to rage. Rabies is easily associated with rage. When people think of rabies, they usually think of a mad raccoon or dog, foaming at the mouth and running around crazy dying soon deeplyr. The thought of going crazy is a pretty clean guess for how rabies torments its victims. The virus enters by a bite or transfer of infected saliva and makes its way through the nerves toward your spinal stack and brain. Obviously, rabies is an extremely deadly virus that affects the nervous system. Immediately after being bitten, you need to seek medical attention or death forget come within a week. Rabies is a very fatal virus that, without proper medical attention, will kill its victims very swiftly, but in that respect are ways to help. There is a vaccine for people who are likely to get rabies, and there is a v accine that, if used immediately after the exposure to the rabid animal, can save the victim of rabies. These vaccines have saved the lives of many. Medical technology at its finest is what saves victims of these horrible diseases, but if you are too late and do not receive the proper compensatement in time, well, death is a lot closer than you think. Rabies is a disease that requires fast treatment. Go too slow and all you can do is wait until death comes painfully and tormenting you until you draw your last breath. Most often the cause of contamination is through the bite of a rabid animal. The virus then spreads through the nerves until it reaches the central nervous system (CNS) which is the spinal cord and the brain. Then the virus incubates in the infected creatures body for approximately 3-12 weeks. The victim armys no signs of illness during this incubation period. When the virus reaches the brain, it multiplies rapidly, passes to the salivary glands, and the infected crea ture begins to show signs of disease. The infected creature usually dies within 1 week of becoming sick. Within four or five days, the victim my then either pinch into a months long coma ending in death or die suddenly of cardiac arrest. Rabies is extremely dangerous. Its important to treat the wound when you have been bitten, but the disease isnt always transmitted through a bite.

Rabies: Closer Than You Think :: science

Rabies Closer Than You ThinkRabies, a virus of the nervous placement and salivary glands is a fast moving killer its not something to mess around with. Rabies comes from the Latin word to rage. Rabies is easily associated with rage. When people theorise of rabies, they usually think of a mad raccoon or dog, foaming at the mouth and running around crazy dying soon after. The image of going crazy is a pretty reasonable guess for how rabies torments its victims. The virus enters through a bite or transfer of infected saliva and makes its way through the nerves toward your spinal cord and brain. Obviously, rabies is an extremely deadly virus that affects the nervous system. Immediately after being bitten, you need to explore medical attention or death will come within a week. Rabies is a very fatal virus that, without proper medical attention, will kill its victims very swiftly, but at that place are ways to help. There is a vaccine for people who are likely to get rabies, and there is a vaccine that, if used immediately after the exposure to the rabid animal, can save the victim of rabies. These vaccines have saved the lives of many. Medical technology at its finest is what saves victims of these horrible diseases, but if you are too late and do not receive the proper treatment in time, well, death is a lot approximate than you think. Rabies is a disease that requires fast treatment. Go too slow and all you can do is wait until death comes painfully and tormenting you until you draw your stretch out breath. Most often the cause of contamination is through the bite of a rabid animal. The virus then spreads through the nerves until it reaches the central nervous system (CNS) which is the spinal cord and the brain. Then the virus incubates in the infected creatures body for approximately 3-12 weeks. The victim shows no signs of illness during this incubation menstruum. When the virus reaches the brain, it multiplies rapidly, passes to the salivary glands, and the infected creature begins to show signs of disease. The infected creature usually dies within 1 week of becoming sick. Within four or five days, the victim my then either slip into a months long coma ending in death or die suddenly of cardiac arrest. Rabies is extremely dangerous. Its important to treat the wound when you have been bitten, but the disease isnt always transmitted through a bite.

Self-awareness: Health Care Worker

NMIH101 Self-awareness This essay will explore some of the aspects of self-awareness, with description and definition for use to the health headache worker in the health billing setting from various educators in all fields of health care from various aspects of evidence-based trust that involves, includes and is afford to developmental learning for invariable improvement with Client-Health Care Worker outcomes. Self-awareness is the mental, psychological and physical attributes that are ingrained into the human psych to manage society with encompassing emotional intelligence and empathy by ack no.ledging ones own feelings and thoughts.Multiple amounts of literature regarding node care is available to the beginner and the practising health care professional specifically to teach and revise the learning butt against for current and future education (Unal 2012). The medical field is vast and ever-changing from evidence-based practices for all medical fields and employees for opt imum client care (Unal 2012). Learning by means of life and education stems from communication. The health care worker has to draw on their personal interactions and education for the positive and professional setting (Charney 1994).For a health care worker to establish any form of communication with a client is to put their own self-awareness into action at the first introduction to consultation by being introspective (Cumbie 2001). The ability to express genuine empathy with emotional-intelligence is intrinsic to the health care worker in every health care field (Atkins 2008). The sign health care worker introduction and the client with health concerns begin with the introduction of eye contact.Depending on the cultural background of the client, eye contact holds a welcome message from clear and concise conversation, their expressions of interest and understanding, with professionalism and compassion to invite acknowledgment and to invoke trust and respect. This is the health ca re workers first step for the client onto the path of the therapeutic relationship from competence and confidence of the health care worker all contributing to the levels of communication that encourage trust with the client (Atkins 2011).The underlying human trait to be apprehensive when engaging in the need for medical assistance brings forth all aspects of self-awareness with compassion, understanding and support to the health care worker, thus alleviating stress to the client to ensuring the path to the client and health care workers overall homeostasis. These characteristics of the health care worker are to poise the client to begin their journey to wellness (Atkins 2011).In the health care setting we are faced with self-awareness on a daily basis with a spacious spectrum of clients with divers(a) health issues from diverse cultural backgrounds. The health care worker learnings from specialised educator teachings from their many health care fields covers an abundance of se lective information to assist the health care worker from evidence-based practices that are to promote and encourage both client and health care worker inner health and eudaemonia (Cabe & Timmins 2003).When there is the cultural diversity of the client another aspect of care is approached by the health care worker to enlist their abilities to disperse congruent practice (Dewey 1933). Clients differing socio-economic backgrounds may be of concern but the health care worker is taught to absorb self-awareness and professionalism. The health care workers discretion with awareness of their emotions will encourage the clients repose and ease.For the health care worker role to be professional, ethical, objective and non-judgemental they must use self-awareness to monitor their thoughts, beliefs, strengths and weaknesses. Assertiveness from emotional expression (Ellis & Hartley 2005) and all facets of self-esteem will allow for better health care worker and client interaction (Battle 1990) . It is known and documented the people with high self-esteem are more sensitive, resistant and patient toward fellow human beings (Sherwood & Freshwater 2005).It has long been considered that interpersonal processes of the health care worker is a founding aspect of client care to open the doorways with an emotional and effective connection by influencing better client health outcomes (Peplau 1952). As client conditions and circumstance varies, communication awareness and skills that come from ones life experiences may be brought into effect when dealing with particular cases. Critical analysis at first observation may show client emotions to and then commence the duty of care by the health care worker.These ideas are demonstrated in the ANMC National Competency Standards for the Registered give. For example, the nurse must practice inwardly a professional and ethical treat framework (ANMC 2006). Without these principles there is minimal chance of effective communication as the prospective relationship could be muddled with bias (Australian Nursing & obstetrics Council (AMNC 2006). In conclusion, self-awareness is crucial to all health care workers so as to aid in identifying and implementing appropriate behaviours when dealing with clients from diverse backgrounds.Numerous and varied amounts of literature are constantly being updated for integral implementation. Health care workers need to draw on their own personal perspectives so as to apply self-awareness and emotional intelligence with empathy. Applying self-awareness will foster better relationships with the client which will assist in overall better health outcomes, thus modify the client to heal and the health care worker to consciously acknowledge the clients progression.Direct results of self-awareness will enhance better communication channels, further improving the health locating of the client. References * Atkins, K Britton, B & de Lacey, S 2011, Ethics and law for Australian nurses, Cambr idge University Press, New York. * Australian Nursing & Midwifery Council 2006, National Competency Standards for the Registered Nurse, Australian Nursing & Midwifery Council, viewed 1 April 2013, www. nursingmidwiferyboard. gov. au/documents/default * Battle, J 1990, Self-esteem the new revolution, James Battle & Associates, Canada. Cabe, CM & Timmins, F 2003, Teaching assertiveness to undergraduate nursing students, Nurse Education in Practice, vol. 3, no. 1, pp30-42. * Crisp, J Taylor, C Douglas, C & Rebeiro, G 2013, Potter & Perrys fundamentals of nursing, 4th edn, Mosby Elsevier, Australia. * Ellis, J & Hratley, C 2005, Managing and coordinating nursing care, 4th edn, Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia. * Fawcett, J 1995, Analysis and evaluation of conceptual models of nursing, 3rd edn, Davis, Philadelphia. McQueen, A 2000, Nurse-patient relationships and partnership in hospital care, Journal of Clinical Nursing, vol. 9, no. 5, pp723-731. * Peplau, HE 1952, Intrapersonal relati ons in nursing, Putnam Sons, New York. * Sully, P & Nicol, M 2005, Essential communication skills for nursing, Elsevier Mosby, London. * Unal, S 2012, Evaluating the effect of self-awareness and communication techniques on nurses assertiveness and self-esteem, Contemporary Nurse, vol. 43, no. 1, pp90-98.

On Time Package Delivery Essay

The report should discuss in detail the solutions to the several issues that are being faced by OTPD. establish on the conversations Wayne had with Dan Gunther (District manager-Boston), Carol Klein (Key account manager-Phil), Mike Wagner (Sales representative -DC) and Carmella Stringer (Director of Admin service- Strawn, Night and Squires), one of the few major issues seems to be the lack of follow up training on the new service (Express delivery). It looks like the sales staff require more information and follow-up trainings to get their message across to their customers and to make them understand astir(predicate) the new service effectively.The sales staff should be invited to discuss the issues being faced while selling this new service and should be provided with the answers to the questions, issues frequently brought up by the customers. Sales force should also be asked to take few quick tests/quizzes when such new services are introduced so that they can sack out how much they actually retain after the trainings. This should help sales reps to understand the service better and hence sell it effectively to the new as advantageously as existing customers.Another issue seems to be with the research data. Looks like there is no process particularize up to provide details or easy access to the data on the products offered by the competition. Until the sales force understands the differences between their product and competitions product, they will not be able to sell their services effectively, as they will not be able to defend their weaknesses or highlight the corresponding benefits of their own services. A solution to this problem could be to set up an internal online repository with all the details about competitors products, and where sales people could go and search or compare different products in order to understand their differences, weaknesses and benefits against each other. This should help them add tools to their armor before approaching/c onvincing a customer to use their product.Additionally, there needs to be a proper analysis on the requests as well as complaints made by the customers and in case the complaints are due to wild requests there should be proper process to approach, discuss and resolve the issues. Looks like in the current scenario, sales force is least bothered about the complaints and assumes that closely of the complaints are due to unreasonabledemands by the customers. Also, employees should be allowed some flexible plying hours, like the ones who are not able to maintain a work life balance and in turn impact their personal and professional life. Employees should be properly coached on such issues and should be asked to take some conviction off to recharge and regain their energy. Incentive has always been a key driver of accomplishment and so there should be better linkages between the performance and the bonuses. Feedbacks and complaints from the customers should also play a role in the sa lary of the salespeople.Thus to conclude, proper trainings, performance linked incentives and coaching should help OTPD to improve the sales numbers.

Uae ; Cultural Differences

List of Abbreviations GDPGross Domestic Product MASMasculinity PDIPower exceed Index UAE fall in Arab Emirates UAIUncertainty Avoidance Index UK fall in Kingdom Table Of Contents I. List of Abreviations II. Introduction2 III. The United Arab Emirates2 III. 1 History2 III. 2 Economy4 IV. Important values for a victoryful business in the UAE5 V. Culture7 V. 1 ethnic differences at the national level7 V. 2 Cultural differences at the organizational level10 VI. Kuhne + Nagel12VII. List of References14 II. Introduction In the current business environ ment, in times of globalization, financial crisis and terror, there is a commenceing consciousness most difficulties that stillt end occur when different cultures collide. These difficulties especially fate to be regarded when wanting to expand a business worldwidely or wanting to enter a abroad market. In this paper the United Arab Emirates is analyzed with focus on critical information for operating a business there.Th is paper will lay claim into invoice the memoir, the cultural aspects as well as differences, the business development and opportunities based on an example of the German logistics comp whatever Kuhne & Nagel, which is doing business in the UAE since the 70s. III. The United Arab Emirates III. 1 History The Palm islands, The World, the Burj al Arab and the Burj Dubai and early(a) superlatives come to our mind when thinking about the United Arab Emirates, but they only represent the timeframe since the 1990s. The UAE was founded in 1971.To precise understand the UAE and its culture it is important to purport a look at the history and the developments before the foundation and the anele. About 1500 years ago the spate in the Arabic region were living in tribes, their lives were dictated by the harsh natural conditions and pearl fishing was the prevalent dedication1. The community was genuinely important in spite of appearance the tribes and a deep social family structure was established. 2 At that time the Moslem Belief was introduced to the gulf region and is therefore deeply rooted in the history and its culture. 3 As trade and piracy rose in the 18th and 19th century the bea became known as the Pirate Coast until the British navy launched several attacks on the pirate strongholds to secure the trade. 4 This lead to the signing of 3 truce treaties in total, including the final treaty in 1892, which made them become the Trucial States and preventing them from entering into relationships with any other country but the United Kingdom (UK) as well as disposing territory to any genius besides the UK, in return for coastal protective c all overing and support in case attack of land5.The first discovery of oil in 19586 in Abu Dhabi, which led to many an(prenominal) more than, was very fortunate as the region, which relied hard on pearl fishing, saw the pearl market collapse among the First and Second World War. 7 The discovery of oil and the hence evolving wealth had a strong influence on the further development of the atomic number 18a. When the British first announced their intention of withdrawing from the Arabian Gulf by the end of 1971, Sheikh Zayed hive a counselling Sultan Al Nahyan of Abu Dhabi immediately wanted to establish closer relationships between the Arabic states. 8 He and Sheikh Rashid of Dubai, became the initiators towards an union of Arabic Emirates, including the Trucial States, Bahrain and Qatar. 9 Since no agreement could be reached between the nine and Qatar and Bahrain became independent, the rulers of Abu Dhabi and Dubai, Sheikh Zayed and Sheikh Rashid, decided to form a union between their emirates and later on present its constitution to the other 5 emirates with the offer to join. 10 One day after the Britsh-Trucial Sheikdoms Treaty expired, the United Arab Emirates were founded on December 2nd, 1971.Four emirates joined immediately and Ras al-Kaihmah followed on Febuary 10th, 1972. 11 Since i ts foundation the UAE has undergo an incredible growth and has managed to go from one of the least developed countries, to achieving an income level comparable to that of the industrialized nations in less than 30 years. 12 The oil revenues of course abide contributed in a major way to the modern development and prosperity, but similarly political stability as well as the leadership by Sheikh Zayed were very influential. 13 The sheikh, who was born around 1918 and pilferd under poor circumstances, wanted his people to benefit from the countrys resources, while making for sure that the people are aware of their roots and that the countrys history and culture are kept. 14 Through his efforts the Arabian culture has been preserved and passed on to the sideline generation.He was very popular not only within the nation but also in Europe and the US due to his pro-western mentality. 15 His open-mindness also had a banging effect on the UAE and enabled it to become one of the most l iberal and pluralistic countries in the Gulf region, with its now massively multicultural population. 16 When he died in 2004 his oldest male child HH Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed al Nahyan became the ruler of Abu Dhabi and president of the UAE. 17 III. 2 Economy Since the oil was discovered the oil sector was the main contributor to the GDP of the UAE. 18 except the country has steadily tried to reduce its dependability of oil and to diversify its economy. 19 The oil revenues were at first reinvested in to healthcare, education and the national infrastructure to raise the standard of living and pave the way for a sustainable economic development. 20 In 1985 the first free zone of the UAE was opened. In the Jebel Ali Free Zone no taxes had to be paid and foreign companies could establish subsidiaries without a domestic partner. 21 The concept of the free zone became very popular in the region and was the first role towards beingness an attractive location for subsidiaries of compa nies that want to open up the Middle Eastern market.Today more than 850 companies have registered in the Jebel Ali Free Zone and almost 6,000 companies from over 110 countries conduct business there. 22 All in all more than 10,000 companies are registered in one of the 15 free trade zones in the UAE. 23 collectible to the geographical location of the UAE in the Middle East and between the markets in the east, whose importance to the western companies has been steadily rising, and Western Europe the United Arab Emirates has become the hub for the achieve Middle East, India, Afirca and the Commonwealth of Independent States. 24 This development is especially explicit in Dubai, which has evolved with over 140 scheduled fairs into one of the top locations for international trade shows and two-lobed negotiations. 25Due to the booming construction industry and tourism after 20 years of budget deficit there has been a balance surplus since 2005. 26 The GDP in 2007 grew by 7,5% to 192,6 billion US$. 27 The United Arab Emirates now has one of the most diversified economies in the gulf region and managed to lower its dependence on the oil industry to a GDP-contribution below one third, as sectors like manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, tourism, construction and real estate increased their share. 28 IV. Important values for a successful business in the UAE To successfully operate a business in the UAE it is mandatory that certain basic values of the Arabian culture are known and respected. 29 One has to aware of his own culture and depart from the wrong and right thinking of rong or right and better or worse when it comes to cultures, as cultures are just different without any judgement. 30First of all one needs to be aware that time is seen in a totally different way in the Arab world and is not considered to be an issue. Business meetings and negotiations take longer, people are not as punctual and deadlines are often not met. 31 Since person-to-person rel ations are of highest importance for a successful business it is crucial, when first entering into business relations with people from the United Arab Emirates, to establish a veritable and respectful relation, much like a friendship. 32 The first grimace-to-face meetings are commonly time absorbing and used to become acquainted with the prospective duplicate. 33 choler or anger because of the often lengthy process should not be expressed as it would be conceived as rude and disrespectful possibly direct frustration of the business relations. 34 Business meetings generally take longer in the Arab world as at the beginning time is usually spent on inquiries on the well-being of the family members. 35 A strong effect on the business practices has the religious faith.The working hours are for example interrupted for praying36 and during the holy month of Ramadan overall business slows down in the Arabian area. 37 In normal business practice the religion also comes into play, inas much as some finiss are left to deal. 38 Therefore negotiations might end with the term Inshallah if God wills, which underlines the strong belief that the course of events bednot be controlled by the individual concocting that the decision will be made by god and not by them. 39 One of the highest values in the Arabian culture is the belonging to groups, especially the family. 40 Family matters are of higher meaning than business41 and interruptions of e. g. business meetings due to family and personal matters are no exception and should not be misinterpreted as rude.42 Since age also plays a significant role in the Arabian culture, greater respect must ever be shown to the more elderly person, by e. g. greeting the most senior person in a meeting first. 43 Often age and status has a greater influence on the career of an Arab than the actual personal achievements. 44 The interaction with women is not always honest and therefore the behavior of the Arabs in the situation shou ld be adopted in terms of how to greet a woman for example. 45 When negotiating and also in normal interactions with Arabian counterparts the concept of saving face needs to always be kept in mind.Criticism should not be expressed publicly and one should avoid to do anyone in a uncomfortable situation, since it could result in loosing face which seriously harms the persons and his familys reputation. 46 Dignity and respect are key elements in Arabian culture and saving face, through the use of compromise, patience and self-control is a means by which these values are maintained. 47 Since confrontation and conflicts are to be avoided in the Arabian culture business communication is done differently. Arabia has been identified by Edward T. Hall as a high context region where one has to read between the lines in contrast to Germany with a low context country where explicit words have specific meanings48.A yes for example may mean a perhaps as the Arabs often communicate indirectly thr ough body language or other forms of non-verbal communication like eye-contact or facial cues kinda than communicating directly through words. 49 As, one should be aware of the so called High Context Communication50 and try to carefully observe his counterpart during a conversation and always pay tutelage to the way the complete message is conveyed. 51 Management in the UAE is mostly done through centralized decision making and tall hierarchies. 52 Employees in the UAE expect to receive clear instructions and orders from their superiors, rather than having the freedom and the responsibility to manage their own work. 53 Due authority being an element of the Arabian culture, the orders are normally obeyed and only rarely questioned. 54 V. Culture V. 1 Cultural differences at the national level The biggest difference between the German culture and the culture in the United Arab Emirates obviously is the religion. Religion in Germany exists and is practiced, but not in an extent com parable to the United Arab Emirates.The culture in the UAE can be defined as the Arabian Culture as it is mostly the same in all Arab nations with some local anaesthetic differences and is mainly influenced by their history and even more their religion. 55 Arabs living in the United Arab Emirates are almost all Muslims and believe that the Islam is not only a religion but a way of living. 56 Their God Allah controls their entire life and even the law called Sharia is partly build on the Holy Koran. Praying five times a day as well as drinking no alcoholic drinks, eating no pork and fasting during the holy month of Ramadan is usual Islamic behavior. 57 Where as in the UAE religion dictates to a large extent the life of the people, in Germany to the contrary, religion is practiced as well, but its done in a considerably more relaxed way. 58 The most popular religion in Germany is Christianity, but Islam, Judaism and Buddhism are among other practiced as well. 59 Even though a majorit y of the Germans consider themselves as Christian, it has only minor effects on their lives. 60. The way people eat, dress or behave is rather set by themselves and their parental education than by their religion.The Christian calendar defines the national holidays like Christmas and Easter and the day of rest being Sunday. The festivities of Christmas and Easter are celebrated in most of the Christian families, but on the normal every day life religion has almost no effect, compared to the United Arab Emirates. 61 The calendar in the UAE is also influenced by the religion, as the Muslim New Year is around February and March and Ramadan in October. 62 Even the weeks are separated differently, since Friday is the day of rest and either thorium or Saturday is given off respectively to form the weekend. 63 The Islam also has influence on the way Emiratis have to dress. Women have to wear the traditional abaya, which is a coif that covers their whole body with exception of the feet, ha nds and face. They might even have to cover up totally, depending on how strictly the husband practices his religion. 64 Men are unavoidable to wear a white cotton thobe at with a guthra covering the head. 65Leaving aside the religious influence on the people in the UAE, Arabs are very conservative as it is. Emotions and feelings towards each other are not openly expressed in public, as they generally try not to attract any attention. 66 This behavior and urge for privacy can also be found in the way the houses are built, as a circularize of space between buildings and thick walls are preferred and used to clearly keep the family inside and leave the rest out. 67 The family in the interior is of highest importance to the Arabs and stands over everything. Family members are very loyal and close to each other, which has originated from the past. 68 Traditionally the return is the head and leader who provides the family with what is needed for living. 69 Although nowadays the situat ion s slowly changing and women gain e. g. opportunities in regards of education and are not as underprivileged anymore, the role of the woman still predominantly includes taking care of the children and the house as well as being the center for love and mad support. 70 Additionally women are still treat differently by the law.71 German family members also live closely unitedly and parents are very caring for their children, but at the same time statistically every third German marriage fails and commonly children have to grow up in different homes. 72 Generally men and women are more equal in Germany in terms of the law as well as in terms of family. The man is not the predetermined head of the family, as the power is more or less equally divided between the father and the mother. 73 The role of the father as the sole provider is slowly diminishing as more and more women work and have careers even though men yet have to get used to the concept of staying at home to take care and raise the children. 74 Similarities in the development towards equality can be seen in both countries, although Germany seems to be a little bit further than the UAE.Like the family, the community is also of high importance to the Arabs. Relatives, friends and neighbors always support each other in every life situation, while one cares for each other and the community. They are usually very patient and open to compromises, as conflicts or bewilderment are avoided. 75 Criticism is not openly expresses because they do not want anyone to feel inconvenient or harm their dignity, because it could lead to someone loosing his face. 76 To keep face is very important and if someone lost face there would be a strong impact on the familys reputation. 77 Guests are also always taken care of very generously, since the Arabs are known for their hospitality.78 Such a strong community cannot be found in Germany, where the people are more independent and concerned of their own good. 79 Germans beh ave very differently and are a lot more individualistic. People are primarily concerned about themselves and secondly about others. 80 There is no concept of keeping face and therefore conflicts are common, issues are openly addressed and discussed. Germans can be emotional and loud publicly unlike the people living in the Arab world. 81 Their openness for newborn things is also more distinct and attracting and standing in the middle of attention is not regarded as improper behavior in contrast to the conservative Arabs. 82 Another big difference is the outwards appearance of the people in Germany to the people in the UAE since there is neither a predefined kind of clothing nor any limit to the individualism due to the constantly changing fashion trends and styles. 83 V. 2 Cultural differences at the organizational level To show the differences between the two cultures of Germany and the UAE at the organizational level Hofstedes analysis is a good instrument to apply.The Dutch pro fessor and influential author Gerard Hendrik Hofstede performed from 1968 to 1972 a survey among 116,000 IBM employees about their preferences in trouble style and working conditions. 84 Through his study he demonstrated that the demeanour of societies and organizations are affected by national and regional cultural groupings. Out of the results Hofstede identified the four dimensions called Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism/Collectivism and Masculinity/womanhood among which the different groups can be differentiated. 85 The first dimension Power Distance is defined as the extent to which less powerful members of institutions and organizations accept unequal dispersal of power. 86 In the Arab world, which includes the UAE, a high Power Distance Index of 80 points has been recorded, meaning that people tend to follow orders without hesitation and organizations have a rather steep hierarchy. It can also be said that there are a lot of laws, rules and regulations that have to be followed to reduce the amount of uncertainty.87 The Power Distance Index in Germany is considerably lower than in Arabia with 35 points. Hence Germans have fewer superiors and their orders are more likely to be question than it would be the case in Arabia. Subsequently unequal distribution of power is not unconditionally accepted, the organizational structures are much flatter and decentralized decision making is common applied. 88 The Uncertainty Avoidance Index describes the level of discomfort people feel in insecure situations and the beliefs and means like organizations and institutions that were developed to reduce the uncertainty. 89 In this dimension the UAE and Germany are almost at the same level. 90 Both countries have adopted and implemented strict rules, laws, policies, and regulations to avoid those uncertain situations. A high need for security, structured activities and a strong belief in the knowledge of experts mutually applies as well. 91 The way o f conducting business though differs, since the Arabian way is affected by their religious belief. They believe their time is controlled by Allah and that they have no influence it.Long talks with lots of coffee and tea are very common in a business meeting and should not be refused, whereas Germans certainly belief that they control their time themselves and are usually on tight schedules and have quick-frozen dates which they administrate. 92 Germans are even famous for creating appointment schedules and seemingly never missing them too. The third dimension is the Collectivism and Individualism (IDV) respectively. This dimension displays whether people rather take care of themselves or other people around. 93 The Arabs have a very low IDV score of 38 points compared to the world average of 64 points.This makes the UAE a collectivized country, where a strong relationship to the member group is very important. That is e. g. the family offering life-long protection and loyalty, whi ch is prior to all other rules. 94 This translated into business as most jobs and promotions are obtained due to age and family status. In Germany to the contrary the IDV score of 67 is relatively high and above the world average, meaning that it is an individualistic country. People rather take care of themselves in stead of others and e. g. job promotions are based on ones own efforts and market value rather than the family background. 95 In the run low dimension the Masculinity Index (MAS) shows the peoples preference for masculine values like competitiveness, authority and materialism.96 The MAS of 53 in the Arab World is slightly above the average of 50,2, but still 13 points lower than in Germany, which means that Arabians prefer both masculine and feminine values. 97 They like authority and materialism, while valuing quality of life and relationships at the same time. Germans are mostly masculine in this respect and value especially competition, power and high salaries. 98 Considering the results of Hofstedes analysis it can be said that religion and tradition have a great influence on the way business is done in the UAE and that there is a fast differences to the Germany, which can not be neglected when doing business. VI. Kuhne + Nagel Kuhne + Nagel is a German logistics company, which was founded in 1890 in Bremen by August Kuehne and Friedrich Nagel.99 Since then it has evolved from a traditional international freight forwarder to a globally leading transportation and logistics provider offering integrated supply chain solutions. vitamin C The company today has 850 offices inover 100 countries with more than 54,000 employees. 101 Their concept of helping to turn the customers logistic challenges into a competitive advantage through superior function and integrated lengthwise supply chain management solutions has been successful and still is. 102 Kuhne + Nagel has entered the market of the United Arab Emirates in 1977103, when an office was est ablished in Dubai. 104 For internationally operating logistic companies a global network of representations is very important in order to guarantee a smooth transit of goods.That way in case of any problems the local office can cope with it and is familiar with standards and processes at that location. Like in most Arab countries, a subsidiary can only be established with a domestic sponsor or partner. 105 Therefore the office in Dubai was not owned by majority by Kuhne + Nagel and there was not a lot of business actually taking place in the UAE, but an increasing number of goods passed through, thus the office was at first mainly used for get wind support. 106 Kuhne + Nagel also moved their office to the Jebel Ali Free Zone and could thus conduct their business independently.With the increasing business activities in the UAE, the branch office in Dubai gained in importance as well. In 2008 there were 120 employees in three Dubai offices, which makes Kuhne + Nagel the 7th biggest G erman employer in Dubai. 107 Since the company had already established many offices in other countries they are experienced in dealing with different cultures and mentalities. They have always been aware of the cultural differences between e. g. Germany and the United Arab Emirates and paid attention and adjust to them.As Germans though they enjoyed good reputation and made only positive experiences in making business with the Arabian people as long as they were treated respectfully. 108 With the hotel industry booming, Kuhne + Nagel introduced in 2001 an innovative product containing a tailor-made logistics solutions associated with the construction and furnishing of hotel and tourist facilities. Apart from warehousing, the service portfolio further includes the entire management of suppliers and transport. 109 In 2005 this service was even deepened as firstly introduced to the hotels in the UAE by Kuhne +Nagel, which includes supplying amenities to hotels on a regular basis. 110 Kuehne + Nagel is responsible for the entire supply chain, including order management and procurement. Due to its great acceptance the global availability of this service followed in 2006. 111 The general trend towards becoming the hub of the Middle East, makes the location Dubai logistically even more important. 112 The success of Kuhne + Nagel in the UAE is also displayed through the plans of the company to expand its logistic infrastructure as part of the Dubai Logistics City adding about 52,000 m2 to its existing facilities in the Jebel Ali Free Zone. 113This new logistic centre will allow the company to optimally provide all the markets in the Middle East and meet the increasing storage requirements of many companies due to the relocating of their stock to the Middle East rather than supplying the area from Europe or Asia in order to reduce their costs and delivery time. 114 VII.

Objectives of Coca-Cola, and Pepsi are Reflected in their Marketing Strategy Essay

The Coca-Cola CompanyIt is easy to ascertain exactly why Coca-Cola is a extremely respected beverage producer and marketer in todays society. In examining, Coca-Cola we can see that this company has sought to batten down that its outputs meet its lavishly expectation levels. These expectations literally revolve around its vision to aid in the improvement of the world Acknowledging that marketing dodge requires continues adaptations to ensure success, the circular vision argument reflects that an interplay of activities between people, profit, major planet, partners, and portfolio are vital to sustaining its growth on multiple scales. By sustaining growth, its portfolio will globally address and bring products to suit peoples needs and desires. This engages the stand of employees and consumers who see that the companys actions reflects from their vision educational activity, and does not simply play lip-service.Surrounding the circular vision lies a key aspect coca-colas recog nition that it must at all times retain a positive working relationship with its bottlers and partners hence building up mutual intrust and loyalty. By enabling a constant positive relationship, the company will make sure that its products are going out the door in an efficient and effective manner hence meeting its profit vision of ultimately maximizing return to shareowners while being cognizant of its social responsibility. From a planet perspective, the companys vision iterates that it is a global citizen that not only makes a contrariety precisely real desires too as well. When strife occurs, this leads to a shift from positive production to negative production. As the old saying goes a happy employee, is a productive one.Via Coca-colas website, these components are further highlighted as the chief reasons why Coca-cola is continuously realigning itself to reshaping is strategic look at marketing. The website indicates that the vision was compiled from inquiring from 150 of their top leaders about what they believe the companys vision should be. This attributes to the companys vision to be a good place where people are inspired to be the best they can be. This reflects that Coca-colas managers are listened to and respected, which aids in the companys interest in people relationships in addition, this shows an empowered environment where managers are attuned to the objectives and direction of the company.It was interest to see that the companys mission statement aligns itself well to its vision. The company steadfastly seeks To Refresh the Worldin body, mind, and spirit, To Inspire Moments of Optimismthrough our brands and our actions, and in conclusion To Create Value and Make a Differenceeverywhere we engage. . The mission statement is more subjective versus objective or measurable in nature, but it is geared to creating positive alignment amongst its employees, consumers, marketing teams, and partners.In evaluating which of its objectives is meas urable we must turn to its portfolio to see if its objective to be a global seller is a reality or not. Overall, the company has created a shared take account system (leadership, passion, integrity, accountability, collaboration, innovation, and quality) by which they live by within the company and without. This system helps create an standard pressure of shared responsibility which is attuned to the best interests of all involved and can be measured based upon innovation and quality statistics.PepsiA plain, simple, and to the point vision statement is what Pepsi stands behindIn evaluating the vision statement, we can see that Pepsi believes that it is sustainability because the company will al manners stand behind its responsibility to improve all aspects of the world in which they operate. Symbolically, they used the greater than symbol, to indicate that tomorrows future must be protected and Pepsi touch sensations that it has a responsibility to aid in that goal. The website contains speeches from the PepsiCo President and nous Executive Officer Indra Nooyi about corporate responsibility and how it must be applied in todays society to make a difference in our environment and various societies.Pepsi has identified that in order to encourage other companies to partake in this responsibility it must be a fiber nonplus. This vision statement is a clear point on giving back to society, but it doesnt appear to indicate how this is to be achieved directly. It indicates why, who, where, and what must be improved but it is a little vague on how to achieve the vision. It motivates all parties involved, because no one, would state that they want the future to be handicapped by a lack of improvements made today.For shareholders, they would not desire to see a drop in maximizing profits or loss of consumers who might need Pepsi uninterested in improving the global market or environment. For consumers, if Pepsi did not donate or contribute to global initiatives t hey would turn instead to competitive brands. or else of titling their mission statement as much(prenominal), Pepsi instead appears to call it their commitments or guiding principlesThese points iterate that Pepsi is truly staunchly dedicated to positions which are important to various constituencies. The keep up growth is measurable and vital to shareholders who monitor Pepsis annual growth and progress. Empowered people are those loyal Pepsi employees, partners, manufacturers, and consumers who stand behind a product which is created with quality in mind. These commitments are maintained based upon guiding principles that genuinely care about people, the world, truth and honesty, success in many aspects, and balancing improvident term goals with long term dedication to achievement and change.Pepsis objectives lie hand in hand with its commitments and guiding principles. One of Pepsis objectives as seen in its proxy statement is to sustain its long term performance by stretchin g out its financial goals, maintaining its great retirement plans for employees, and continue to nominate managers into presidential term positions within Pepsi who support Pepsis vision and mission statement.Both financial as well an non-financial objectives are referred to in the proxy statement, which reflects how well balanced these objectives truly are. Overall, Pepsis vision, values, mission statement, and objectives all intertwine around the idea of sustainability whether it be sustainability of people, governance of Pepsi, global market, partnerships, marketing strategies, development, success, or growth.Assignment Question 2In order to evaluate if TCCC (The Coca-Cola Companys) vision and objectives is conforming to its strategic business model, we must uncover from its annual traverses, SEC 10-K Form, and other such public documents if this is so. TCCCs strategy and business model lies in its desire to have sustainable and long term growth by relying on its key visions in spiring employees in the workplace, globally bringing a solid beverage portfolio of products which addresses peoples desires, creating a network of loyal partners, maintaining an inspirational global citizenship practice on our planet, and maximizing profits for shareholders.Recognizing that strategy and business models must forever be willing to adaptive to changing conditions, TCCC has sought to reevaluate its consumer marketing via advertising investments geared to make consumer aware of their products. such efforts have included activities such as sales promotions, advertising, and point-of-sale merchandising of TCCC items. Furthermore, the companys strategy has included obtaining feedback from consumers which has enabled the company to know what its present consumers feel and what they would like to see change.As the firm sells its products to various global retailers it must identify and conform to the needs of those clientele. Hence, TCCC has made differentiated package offe rings which are alter to the expectations and needs of all kinds of retailers. This allows for the company to directly compete with its competitors. Considered a work in progress the SEC 10K Form iterates how the company uses the right promotional tools to erect value in their products for various retailers seeking to growth their businesses or distributional facilities.As the business model and strategy adheres to the idea of new business approaches, TCCCs annual report indicates that it constantly has new franchise options and new leadership approaches which tend to allow for an overall flexibility between the parent company and its consumers wants and needs. As the supply chain network of its bottling partners is a resilient procession it has used this growth to aid in its competitive edge. Part of maintaining this edge is identifying classifiable elements that pose as opportunities, risks, or direct threats to the company well-being. This shows that TCCC is on the right track because it gauges its own strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats on many different levels of marketing and advertising.The annual report indicates that some threats include obesity problems among its consumers, pissing quality and quantity on the part of its risk management program, consumer preferences that are in constant change, and increased contest in the marketplace. TCCC has positively made action plans which seek to respond to these market conditions. Partaking in obesity programs and donating to research of diet foods, the firm has seen that this would aid in its keep up growth because consumers would feel that diet items are a viable alterative beverage. In terms of water quality and quantity problems, the firm knows that as water is a limited resource, alterative programs must be in place with provide water treatment or risk evaluation of the dire situation.This collaborative partnership with research and other beverage companies has shown the firm as having a strong dedication to social responsibility. From an external perspective, should TCCC not participate in such programs then consumers would be driven to advocate switching to other beverage companies. These factors have led proponents to challenge the health component of the quality of products being produced. This way TCCC can point out that it has heard the feedback and acted on it.By promoting and employing surveys and research, TCCC has strengthened its capabilities to monitor and adapt to consumer preferences to diet beverages while maintaining a strong consumer brand loyalty. Its nonindulgent measures have shown that its business model is prospering and being measured via increases in its annual profits. Acknowledging that there might be required adjustments to its business model to ensure that the company was making a profit, TCCC discloses concerns over foreign exchange due to monetary fluctuations overseas, interest rate changes between fixed and variable rate debts, an d value at risk increases.By monitoring and simulating how these external elements could adversely affect the company, TCCC can also evaluating the overall company performance in terms of shareholder equity and cash flow generalizations. These public reports all reflect that TCCCs business model and strategy are constantly being monitoring and adjust as the need arises. By communicating to shareholders the affects or predictions of changes made, TCCC can promote new marketing ideas or suspend activities if called for. This is all a positive support of the companys mission and objectives because it allows for TCCC to remain on its toes in the event of a need to make a strategic or business model modification.2 Websites Used-ReferencesCoca-Colas Official Website http//ir.thecoca-colacompany.com/ and annual report http//www.thecoca-colacompany.com/investors/pdfs/form_10K_2006.pdfPepsi Official Websites http//www.pepsico.com/

Genetically organism Essay

Everyone in the world competes in his/her way to maintain standards through which he/she can feed themselves and their loved ones with food. It is the basal necessity every human being over minds daily from birth until death. Today in the modern days different forms of many foods have evolved ranging from organic foods to genetically modify foods. Since the genetically modified foods have taken over the market they are known to be greater in resistance to pesticides and vir wasting diseases, provide high nutritional value and have a longer expiration date. Lastly, these foods are sold at cheaper prices in comparison to the organic foods.However, the potential risks of these foods are electrostatic being debated all over the world. The three reasons why the genetically engineered food should be labeled separately are the health chances, religious ethical concerns, and economic concerns involved. The reason why genetically modified foods should be labeled separately from organ ic foods are the health hazards involved in the production. The major health hazard involved in the non-labeling of genetic foods is that people all over the world have allergies to particular types of ingredients used in the manufacturing of the foods.The genetically modified foods involve soybean, maize, chicory, potato, squash, oil-rich seed rape (canola), pineapples, and strawberries. 1 Genetically modified foods can cause health diseases such as cancers, a newly discovered disease Morgellons, and other allergies. Without any precise labeling, the rate at which these diseases can occur doubles because people allergic to trusted genes used in these foods, and in that respect is no other way to determines these foods run off these genes or not. A recent article published in Lancet examined the effects of GM potatoes on the digestive tract in rats.This study claimed that there were appreciable differences in the intestines of rats fed GM potatoes and rats fed unmodified potat oes. Many children in the US and Europe have genuine life-threatening allergies to peanuts and other foods. in that respect is a possibility that introducing a gene into a plant may create a new allergen or cause an allergic reaction in susceptible individuals. (Raab, Grobe 2009) 2 The quoted article above examines the differences between the Rats that fed on organic produce of potatoes and the ones that fed on the GM potatoes.The rats that fed on GM foods developed precancerous cell growth in their digestive tracts, inhibited developments of their brains, livers, and testicles. They also faced en big(p)d pancreas and intestines, and forgathered immune system damage. The quote also demonstrates the possibility of the insidious side effects that GM foods can cause to future human generations. The possible solution to minimize these side effects is that Extensive testing of GM foods should be required to avoid the possibility of harm to consumers with food allergies. Labeling of G M foods and food products impart acquire new importance.Before buying a certain GM product, people impart be able to determine if they are allergic to its ingredients or not. Another reason why genetically modified foods should be labeled separately from organic foods is the religious ethical concerns involved in the production. Different religious groups prohibit themselves from eating certain types of animal products. For example, Islamics do not eat any type of enzymes extracted from Pork. 3 Thus, using genes to create traces of genetic material from pork in GM foods and plants without labeling them could cause a stir in the Muslim sect.Another ethical concern is that Animal rights can harmfully be modify by excessive manufacturing of Genetic Foods. For example, Sheep given more powerful hormones could suffer problems relating to growth and problems in digestive systems. Without specific labeling on foods, animals being tested cannot be identified, and this could lead to fur ther malpractices by large corporations. Ethical and religious concerns include the belief that the technology involved is unnatural, and preoccupations regarding the consumption of religiously forbidden ingredients from certain animals.These new technologies, it is argued, violate religious freedom by placing a burden on those who follow strict religious dietary laws. The government is not constitutionally obligated to make accommodations in favor of religious groups that are incidentally affected by neutral rules. Accordingly, the neutral decision of not labeling genetically modified foods met this constitutional standard and was not subjected to a more rigorous constitutional adjudication test. (Lietz, 2000) 4.The quoted evoke above from the Harvard law review emphasizes the importance of the labeling on genetically modified foods because without explanation of how these foods are manufactured, it is unethical and unfavorable to religious and cultural groups that restrict themse lves from practices in consumption of certain ingredients included in these foods. In other words, the use of these technologies is harming the religion freedom of people. 4 The government of United States protects the non-labeling by not passing laws that require rigorous tests on GM foods because it is believed that there are already laws that protect religious groups.The third reason why genetically modified foods should be labeled separately is the economic concerns involved in the production. The main economic concern is that the world food market could be monopolized by large multinational corporations that suppress the production and distribution of genetically manufactured seeds. If this happens, they would be able manipulate governments to pass laws that dont require companies to label their GM foods. 5 Monopolization go away increase prices of seeds and eliminate small level farming. GMOs are the products of large corporations and considered intellectual property.Thus, t hey are protected by patents and copyrights. This means that if farmers want to use genetically modified crops, they must buy it from a corporation. If the world relies solely on GMOs, this means that these corporations will control the worlds food supply, leading to the monopolization of food. The use of GMOs is driving out the need for small farmers. These small farmers are forced to switch to GMOs in order to compete with other GMO farmers, but in the process, they are subjugated to the control of the corporation that produced the GMOs.(Barton, 2002) 6 The above passage was taken from a research about non labeling consequences published in the Harvard Law Review that extrapolates the consequences if the food attention is monopolized. It explains that if this happens, the patents and copyrights will increase prices of foods massively and abolish the system of low scale farming. Each and every farmer will need to rely on large corporations to grow crops, and GM foods will be seaso nal that means in every season the seeds will expire and costs of storage and harvesting will sky rocket.All in all, the corporations will completely take over the food sourcing misleading people in what they produce for the sole purpose of profits. Thus, it will be considered legal and ethical. Regulations should be passed by governments all around the world that strictly insist on the labeling of genetically manufactured foods. Without labeling on the Genetically special Foods the health hazards, religious ethical concerns, and economical concerns will increase over time. Therefore, instead of looking at the future from the eyes of the economic benefit, the world should look at the consequences this evolution could lead.Works Cited Page 1. Genetically Modified Food. Crowdsourcing Questions & Answers. N. p. , n. d. Web. 18 may 2011. 2. 6Barton. GMF Labeling Issues. Harvard Law Review, Winter 2002. Web. 18 May 2011. . 3. Daneil, Genetically Modified Foods break off Health Ch annel. Home Better Health Channel. Deakin University. Web. 18 May 2011. .4. 2Grobe, and Raab. Genetically Modified Foods Better Health Channel. Home Better Health Channel. Deakin University. Web. 18 May 2011. . 5. 4 Lietz, supra note 11, at 416 Julie Teel, Regulating Genetically Modified Products and Processes An Overview of Approaches, 8 N. Y. U. ENVTL. L. J. 649, 660-61 (2000) 6. Genetically Modified Food. Crowdsourcing Questions & Answers. N. p. , n. d. Web. 18 May 2011. .

Deal Book Critique Liberty Essay

This book gives single(a) parents an i demand of what to expect when dating. When a person has children some durations it difficult to find a determine, even to find time to date some wholeness. Ron L. take away has come up with different guidelines to help a single person find grapple in all the right places. acquiring Past Butterflies and Warm Fuzzies paragon made people to be loved. Some people have the longing desire to be loved and married one day while another(prenominal)s do not have the desire to have a trades union. When a parent wants again to find love many questions go threw there head according to Deal. How do I introduce my children to a new friend How is dating or a marriage going to call for my children How do I know if my children and I are ready to date These are just some question a single parent scatty to date may have. (Deal, 2012) A person dating a single parent may have just as many questions How do I make a good first impression on the children How d o I fit in with a blended family Can I storage area being a stepparent What is my role as stepparent When children are involved it is not about finding a mate but starting a family.The overmaster side of dating is that someone result feel left out. If a person is spending time with the children then the boyfriend is the one who feels left out. When this happens the other person is thinking about how the other person influences the kind. A single parent must find a purpose in dating. Finding a person who shares the same core values and spiritual beliefs. If you both love God, when you combine families they will be blessed. Single parents should not seek a kin for the wrong things. Dating for the wrong reasons include not feeling lonely, getting help financially and helping with parenting. These are the wrong goals and should be avoided. The next persona of the book goes over are you ready to date. Deal says that past affinity in our lives affect us today. If a person loses a p artner to split or death it takes some time to heal. A person must first examine the impact of past relationships. Sometimes those relationships are buried live and can come back to life at anytime. It is not all-important(a) to move on fast, but to examine how the past has made an impact on you and your children.A person that has been divorce should see if the relationship with spouse could be reconciled. Deal recommends that you should prep yourself and the kids for dating. The family should conquer fears of what they have. Adult fears can consist of losing kid connection, do kid pain, not blending,choosing a mate poorly, ex-spouse fear, fearing spiritual judgment. The person should rate their fear between 1-10. Single parents should pray to God and ask him to help you subdue your fears and help you have successful dating relationship. Parents should commit to each other fully to love one another. Help children overcome their fears by telling them that you will always love th em no matter what. Children are very smart and they want to know what is going on. Have conversations with them about how things might change with you dating. dwell patient with your children and do not force them to love your partner like you love them. This will take time and do not give up. bypast Fishing Not every relationship is going to work and it is important to notice certain signs that the relationship will not work.The first and most important sign is not sharing the same spiritual beliefs. IF he is pressuring you to get married with a relationship with God, then a person should rethink their relationship with them. A single person should come up with a silhouette profile of what they are looking for. A person silhouette should include grovelling to God, look for a mate that is a follower of God and lives the life God would want them to live. Being humble, Humility primes the canvas of the heart to receive the sacred Sprit paint so we can more pro lay outly reflect th e image of Christ. (Deal, 2012) antoher thing that should be included a silhoutte is waiting to have sex savings bank you are married. Having a spirtualy personal trainer is another thing to include. Personal trainers help us turn bad behaviors into better ones. Marital Commitment and Stepfamily set When decding whether to take the reelationship to the next level she should follow a few tips. Everybody should agree to the marriage including everyones children. When family becomes blended there is going to be bumps in the road. But as this is going to the way of world we should know how to handle these problems better. Through Deal, research we know what problems can occur, how step families function and why they are so unique.This has been a journey but it still has along way to go. Families at the middle stage of blending should attend pre marital counseling to see what areas they are faltering and strong in, so they can know exactly where they stand and what they need to work o n to develop a plan. God uses the journey of marriage to compound you into the right person and build the correct realtionship. Potential use for Christian Couples This book is a great reference for chrisian couples. Itgives great insight on what God plan is and how it should work with what plan you think you should have. Dating for two people can be difficult and when it is a crowd it complicats things even more. This books show how you should deal with children and yourself to see what could work best for everyone. Proverbs says, Let the wise listen and add to their learning, and let the concerning get gudidance. (15) Spitural guidance is what the books guides you through it. When a single parent begins to date, love is not the only that can keep a relationship together.Critique This book is an excellent book for someone who has been in a previous marriage and who is looking to date. It is a great resousce tool for the seaching Christian. In an article written by a single mom, sh e says that she sets guidelines for dating her realtionships. She says that she usally dates when her child is spending time with the father. She says that it is easier for her to date guys that have kids already. I am sure Aisha is like many other moms. Finding some one that can be a piece to a puzzle that has already been created. She is searching for friends that have a similar life as her, single parent wanting to mingle. In research, another article was found with the same information as Deal. The author states that you do causal dating for parents can be very frustrating. When you are single, sometimes convincing yourselves that being merely is the best thing. When a marriage ends it usually painful and involves children.The results of an ending marriage can result in damaged self-esteem and guilt of a relationship not working and kids their to suffer. The author suggests that you stay out of bed with each other as long as possible just as Deal did. The next step the author s uggests is to keep the children out of the relationship for as long as possible as you can. The next suggestion is to have fetch and concise communication skills. Make sure you as a single parent ask questions to get to know the person. With all of these clues and tips, the relationships the second time slightly should be much better. (Pikiewicz, 2013) In conclusion, Dating and the Single Parent, was a very resouceful book for single parents. It gives great advice on how to handle new relationships after a past marriage.Dating for anyone can be very hard and when children are involde it makes it a little more diffuilt. This book will be recommend to single parents looking to hit the dating scence. When condierating dating, childrenshould be the number one concern. Children are affected more than we know we it comes to divorces and parents remarring. Deal is a very knowledge person having a lot of experince is dealing with blended familes. Very good resource tool.ReferencesDeal, R. L. (2012). Dating and the Single Parent. Bloomington, Minnesota Bethany House Publications. Pikiewicz, K. (2013, April 12). Dating Tips for Single Parents.

Marketing Strategy for Apple Ipod

Executive Summary The focus of this report is on the orchard apple tree iPod that has created increasing demands in various outlets. The iPod allows consumers to download their favourite euphony but also books, movies and instantly even allows virtuoso to surf the internet. In this reports you visualise an extensive analysis on how apple has became such a huge play along within its grocery store and forget show us how the popularity of the iPod has seemingly helped apple to be become nonpargonil of the most thoroughly k instantlyn brands worldwide. In order to do this, the master(prenominal) areas of discussion I am going to focus upon are the company itself.I resulting breast at the firms internal and external merchandise surround in order to provide an insight in what mystify the firm is in. Further to a greater extent(prenominal), I will look at the competition they are facing and what ingrain this cede upon their marke sackg strategy. I will also provide recomm endations will be provided on how apple fag end strengthen their position in the securities industry. Introduction Established in April 1976, apple, develops, sells, and supports a series of personalized computers, takeout media players, mobile phones, computer software, and computer hardware and hardware accessories.Rather than releasing multiples of little fruits to analyse and win oer consumers through market saturation, apple melts higher end, high fictitious character, and officer friendly products. They view in bringing in relief and plan to the mass market and for that reason score been passing successful. As of September 2007, the company operates about 200 retail stores in five countries and an online store where hardware and software products are sold.Its products include the Macintosh line of desktop and nonebook computers, the Mac OS X run system, the iPod unison player and a portfolio of software and peripheral products for education, creative, con sumer and business customers. 1 orchard apple tree introduced its first iPod portable digital music player. The product has proven unbelievably successful over 100 million units collect been sold in the six course of instructions since its interpolation. In 2003, orchard apple trees iTunes Store was introduced, offering online music downloads in consolidation with the iPod.The service quickly became the market leader in online music services, with over 3 billion downloads by August 2007. Steve Jobs announced that iTunes had reached 4 billion downloads during his profoundnote address at the 2008 Macworld Conference & Expo. 2 orchard apple tree is acknowledge as an unparallel in computer externaliseing and compatibility. The sleek and state of the art design of the apples products snatch away the consumers mind quite easily than the rest. The Apple iPod The iPod is the fastest selling music player in history.Apple has sold over 100 million iPods since the players introduction in October 2001, 2 although gross sales put up said to have started unwinding the company currently enjoys a Microsoft- worry command of the MP3 player market. From the early iPods to the brand-new iPod touch, it has gone through a significant change and has opened the users world from the palm of their hands. In January Apple reported the best quarter revenue and wage in Apples history so far. Apple posted al-Quran revenue of $9. 6 billion and record net quarterly profit of $1. 8 billion. 42% of Apples revenue for the First fiscal quarter of 2008 came from iPod sales. 3 another(prenominal) interesting statistic for this is that 40% of last quarters iPod sales went to first-time buyers, and just shows that the music player market is far from saturated as some have stated. 4 This iconic product is considered by many a(prenominal) to be a essential have item. The iPod is to music players what Kleenex is to tissue or Xerox is to copiers. 5 The Marketing Environment Apple op erate on a global level with 200 stores in 5 countries.Nowadays Apple is more usually know for the iPod. The iPod has dominated digital music player sales in the United States and United res publica with many companies struggling to find a product to challenge the iPod. Due to the ever-changing market, businesses handle Apple need to monitor the ever-changing business environment and nominate sure they are going in the right direction. A business can then only plan where it is going if it knows where it is first from. determination out where a business is at the moment involves looking at its micro and macro environment.Micro-Environment porters beers Five Forces The microenvironment consists of those factors that fix the firm directly. This model helps to contrast the micro environment of a firm. (Refer to appurtenance A) What we know is that competition in the market is very intense A wrong escape could have a harmful affect with your competitors moving ahead of you due to the intensity of the competition in the market. In relation to that, customers are in a strong position as they have more negotiate power and due to the fact there are many substitutes.With the Microsoft Zune 8 it makes it really difficult for new consumers to make a decision between the two. Often customers will pay due to the iPod reputation and its valuable Apple keep this high. Macro-environment Pest analysis To further analyse the external marketing environment, the macro environment we conduct a PEST analysis. much(prenominal) external factors usually are beyond the firms control and sometimes present themselves as terrors. PEST is the abbreviation for political, economic, social and technical schoolnological. (Refer to Appendix B for full PEST analysis) The disceptationIn the PC market Apple face intense competition form the likes of Dell, Toshiba and HP. Whilst in operating system, Microsoft are the biggest rivals. In both these Apple do not have a great hold. notwi thstanding in the Mp3 market, which is more relevant, Apple have dominated the Market since the release of the iPod. With the competition current flood tide from SanDisk and Samsung. 12 Its safe to say that although Apple is diversified more than most of its competitors, their differentiation is a biggest strength because they die so much on R, which is what seperates them from their competition. SWOT AnalysisA summary of Apples SWOT analysis is that Apple are in a very strong position because it has a powerful brand tell and is recognised globally, coupled with its huge fan base of consumers gives them many strengths within the market. The fact that they are so popular in the mp3 market gets them a roofy of attention within the media. Only Microsoft due to mankind Apples biggest competitor will get a large sum of bills of media coverage. The iPod itself in terms of ease of use and innovative technology means that it is very difficult to match. Only the Microsoft Zune 8 can compare to the design and usability.Although may have been released to late in order to make real challenge against the iPod. For Apple to thrash the potentiality threats, they must reside to be inventive and explore opportunities globally. R + D and product innovation are of the utmost importance. Apple must continue to improve and be innovative to remain market leaders, otherwise other companies may capitalise on any kind of drop in standards. Although one of the largest digital music sellers in the world, iTunes face a bit of competition from amazon as well as Myspace, Apple have a target on their backs and only takes a company with nice resources to challenge them. for full SWOT analysis refer to Appendix C) Marketing Objectives Due to Apples secretive attitude, finding real evidence of real goals is difficult. What we can deduce however is that although iPod sales are starting to slow they still want to put forward high funover and profit. Thats the major objective of a ny of its competitors. in like manner from research over various sources Apple are aiming hoping to Improve brand awareness Improve sales with the iPod touch. Improve position in the mobile phone market, with the help of the SDK for the i-phone (Aiming to sell 10 million iphones this yearImproving sales of the iPhone and the touch, as they are the in products which everybody wants, would help them gain a enormous amount of revenue and help spread the brand. Marketing stratergy I deem Apples main stratergy is there appeal to their customers. What you find in general with many of their products more btter looking than the competitions. One thing we can see is Apple building on the popularity of the iPod. It appeals to the Mass market. Now appeal less as a computer company and more of a electronics company and seem more user-friendly. Apple have a differentiation stratergy.Apple products are known to have a unique appeal, with its sleek designs a userbility. Due to this it gets a lot of attention from consumers and the media. Without much advertise or marketing on their part. They give something new and unique to chew out about which everybody gets pulled in to. With the iPod there not only selling a mp3 player, there selling a social chic. Everybody has one and everybody wants one. Target Market Target market Apple Ipod focused particularly at those between the age of 12-25, consistent with their advertising. Bright colours and and a man dancing. It will appeal to both males and females People who have a passion or interest in music and/or publications Technology enthusiasts The iPod appeals to the mass market, everyone is a potential customer. Young or old. They have music, literature and podcasts all avaiable for the iPod owners. The rest and sleek design is what attracts people. Although the latest ones (the touch) are expensive, and may be aimed at higher and older earners. Marketing flow The marketing mix consists of four elements convergences , Price, Place and Promotion, better known as the 4ps.The marketing mix can only be make when the target customer is known, which I have done above. Product Price This product allows consumers to download not only their When initially launched into the mp3 market, Apple utilised set favourite music but also books and photos.Nowadays with thestrategies in the form of psychological and skimming prices. just about of latest versions of the iPod you can watch videos and surf onthe websites have the iPod touch at ? 199. 00. This makes consumers the internet with one small device. Apple have introduced think it is much cheaper than ? 200. 00 but in reality it is only a updated versions of the iPod starting from the first iPod inpound less. The high price is on the basis of the companies 2001 to the iPod touch (refer to adjunct D). These are popularity, and the unique design of the touch.It will also attract extension stratergies to increase the product life cycle of an ima ge of quality with their products. the iPod. pic The fact that the is product secern making it unique will make product both functional and desirable to potential consumers. Promotion Place By promoting the iPod it will satisfy the needs of the Apple has many scattering channels, from their online Apple Store, customers.Consumers will gain better agreement of the to their retail stores and many resellers around the world. Indirect product and how it works. All in all advertising and distribution where third parties are involved in the sales process are progressions will bring more awareness to their products and also used. These resellers will sell to the smaller firms who cannot potentially more sales. aford to buy directly from Apple. Apples promotion strategy, was the surprise element that it attached just before they released the iPod.There was a The iPod is available to purchase at most major stores within the UK. heavy speculation and curiosit y regarding the product and From specialist electronic stores to supermarkets. Stores from Apple everyone was watching out for it. It allowed fans and retailers to Tesco sell the iPod. They are also available all over the enthusiastic tech and entertainment media to spread the wordinternet from places like Amazon to ebay. A countless amount of of the whatsis even before its release.Just when iPod was retailers will stock the iPod such is its popularity launched Apple advertised extensively for the iPod, this is where the ill-famed commercial showing a man listening to the songs on his iPod and dancing. A similar stratergy has been used throught the release as with increasing the popularity of iTunes. Evaluation of the Apple Strategies The overall position of Apple is profitable as sales have increased over the last years. Sales of the iPod have been increasing since it had been released. Although sales for this quarter have been said to be slow. pic Source wikipedia 2 This has been reflected in their strategies to expand through the introduction of newer more innovative designs and this is wherefore they are market leaders in the mp3 market.Apple has a lot of few different cast off ranges of iPod products, like the shuffle, the nano, the video and touch. All of which have different prices. This is a good strategy as it appeals to a wide mass market. The fact that Apple append very little on Advertising on their products compared to many of its firms, is down to the general buzz and interest of their products. There teasing with products entices the media and technology enthusiast tin wanting more. However this may not always be the case, for apple to consider more advertising may be important.The differentiation approach sets Apple apart from its competitors however Microsoft is challenging Apple. They have the cash and resources to match. It would be fairly foolish to think that Apple is too strong in the market. They need to continue to in vest a lot of money in R+D. With products like the iPhone and the Touch it can be said they are going in the right direction, in achieving innovative, unique designs. I also think Apple have a huge opportunity in supporting the whole education system. It has the money and resources to do this.Possibly negotiating contracts with schools and universities, for pod casts even computers could put Apple in a challenging position in the computer market. Having agreements with universities, and schools can increase there popularity and awareness. Conclusion Apple has nearly 250 stores worldwide and now derives 20 per cent of its revenue from them. And those numbers are growing. In the quarter to the end of September 2007, for example, Apple reported that its retail stores accounted for $1. 25bn of the companys $6. 2bn revenues a 42 per cent increase over 2006. 14Since the release of the iPod, about half of Apples revenues come from music and iPods. Interest in the iPod and iPhone has made other apples products popular, like the Mac whose sales have increased. Apple has demonstrated how to create real, breathtaking growth by dreaming up products so true and imaginative that they have taken industries by storm. To maintain control in the mp3 player market, they need to maintain their quality and strategic marketing plans if they want to keep ahead. Apple leads the industry in innovation and many other things like design features.Sony, Microsoft, Creative are all right behind Apple. The battle of the MP3 players will surely be an excellent example of competition that breeds better products, with Apple taking the first abuse with the iPod Touch and iPhone. The iPod was ground-breaking technology that was absorbed by mainstream culture, and now has become the epitome of portable audio. Companies such as Apple will need to be self-motivated if they are to stay ahead of the game. Differentiation and innovation is the key in maintaining their dominance. Apple has a high c ompetitive advantage because of its excellent product image.They use simplicity and lustrous designs to appeal to customers. The electronic market gets connected more and more with the entertainment market. With already the market leader in the digital sales market, it would not be surprising to see Apple move in to TV. Appendices Appendix A pic Source embodied Stratergy finntrack. com8 (Rivalry Calling the level competiton in the mp3 industry as intense is an understatement. The this case we have the like of Sony, Samsung and Creative, with many more in the whole market. Apple commands 70 percent of the MP3 player market. 10 However with concerns of the MP3 market being saturated, its puts more pressure on businesses to succeed. With the innovative designs like the iPod touch and the iPhone it shows why apple are leading the market. (Threat of Substitutes Countless substitute products are available for the iPod whether they are actually better or even appeal more is a different mat ter, but the threat is still very high. The more differentiation th less like a switch to a substitute will occur. To date no company have come close to meet the popularity of the Apple products.Reason being the innovative designs and ease of use have convinced most customers to stick with Apple. high prices need to be justified by the differentiation of the product. Substitutes such as the Sony NW-(A806), Microsoft Zune 8 and many others, can still attract many customers but with imaginative designs like the iPod Touch leaves many companies playing suffer up. (Threats of new entrants Although it is possible, its unlikely. Start up costs would be very high so little meet new entrants would enter a very competitive market unless they have a very differentiated and innovative product.Existing firms have established themselves in the market and have created strong brand awareness. (Bargaining force of Customers The bargaining power of customers is high due to the fact it is easy to switch to a substitute where quality or price, even both is better elsewhere. With so many substitutes of similar quality, its down to the business to make their products more appealing. Apple have done this with their strong vision to build innovative, unique products and have made their products easy to use. (Bargaining Power of suppliersSuppliers dont have much power over larger corporations like Apple. With the booming chinese economy, Apple can change suppliers without any major consequences, if they are in dissimilarity over price and quality. However Apple have built a strong relationship with their suppliers, with austere procedures and this in turn helps Apple achieve it targets. Our business environment is competitive and fast-paced. Our suppliers must understand this impulsive and be agile and flexible in responding to changing business conditions. 11 Appendix B Political Governments with stricter laws on copyright An anti-american agenda may be brought against th em. Some people may choose not to use american products Economical Inflation currently has increased in UK and the US and may affect current sales of ipods which have already slowed. Global economy in a down turn The exchange rate will also affect Apple as they are importing or exporting goods within the international market. Social Again Anti-american agenda may cause potential customers to but from another company. A generally aging british population, so many may be put off by the technology As much as it is a iPod culture, it can go away as quickly as it came.People may find something else which is better and more observe for money. Technological Many substitutes available from iRiver, Samsung and sony Competition moving away from copy protection on songs. Such as amazon. Peer-to-peer file sharing applications like Limewire and Kazaa are still extremely popular. Although this is a problem with the music industry on a whole.This still however affects iTunes. App endix C Strengths The products itself appeals to both males and females All the iPods starting from the very first have a great reputation amongst it customers for its userability. Great technology underpinnings that allow the creation of powerful products. Allows them to attract a huge customer base due to their innovation and technology very(prenominal) user focused and always committed to a superb user experience, in all their products circumscribed edition ranges, increases product life cycle.Limited editions ranging from U2 to BMW Weaknesses High prices may push potential customers to competitors with substitutes at a better price. Technology is changing at a faster rate than ever. For Apple to remain profitable, they must invest huge amount of money in their R&D to remain competitive. Questions over dependableness of the iPod 2 Oppurtunities iPod was is revolutionary technology that has become part of mainstream culture, Apple can capitalize on that To develop the mselves in to other markets due to the reputation they earned from the iPod. New designs may be available to boost sales and extend the product life cycle e. g. the iPod touch. iPods have also gained popularity for use in education. Apple offers more information on educational uses for iPods on their website. 13 Threats Very high level of competition, a lot of substitutes, mayhap offering cheaper prices i. e. iRiver Cheap fakes being made of the iPod and the iPod shuffle Concerns of market being extremely saturated. Competition, with the like of Amazon in digital sales 7 Appendix D picSources Wikipedia 2 and Mactracker Apple Inc. Model database References 1. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Apple_Computer 2. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ipod 3. Apple Reports First get out Results(January 2008), Accessed date 14th troop 2008-http//www. apple. com/pr/library/2008/01/22results. html 4. Tim Conneally, (February 2008) Nearly 3% of America became iPod converts over the holiday, Acces sed date 14th surround 2008- http//www. betanews. com/article/Nearly_3_of_America_became_iPod_converts_over_the_holiday/1204309531 5.Betsy Morris, (March 2008 ) What makes Apple golden, Accessed date 9th March 2008 http//money. cnn. com/2008/02/29/news/companies/amac_apple. occurrence/ 6. Q/A with apple employees and analysts(January 2008) Reading the runes for Apple Accessed date 5th March 2008-http//www. guardian. co. uk/technology/2008/jan/10/apple. steve. jobs swot 7. Jefferson Graham, (March 2008), Amazon takes on Apple with copy-protection-free music Accessed date 20th March 2008- http//www. usatoday. com/money/media/2008-03-25-sony-music service_N. tm 8. Corporate strategy Accessed date 25th March 2008 -www. finntrack. com/corporate_strat. htm- 9. http//www. tutor2u. net/business/strategy/porter_five_forces. htm Accessed date 25th March 2008- 10. Leander Kahney, (March 2008)How Apple Got Everything Right By Doing Everything Wrong Accessed date 27th March 2008-http//www. wi red. com/techbiz/it/magazine/16-04/bz_apple 11. Apple and procurance Accessed date 29th March 2008- http//www. apple. com/procurement/ 12. Jeremy Horwitz(August 2006) iPod maintains 75. % share of U. S. MP3 player market Accessed date 31st March 2008 http//www. ilounge. com/index. php/news/comments/ipod-maintains-756-share-of-us-digital-music-player-market 13. iTunes U and mobile learningAccessed date 2nd April 2008 http//www. apple. com/education/itunesu_mobilelearning/ipod. html 14. John Naughton(March 2008) Core value that turned Apple into the best store in town Accessed date 4th April 2008 http//www. guardian. co. uk/media/2008/mar/30/marketingandpr. apple Bibliography